Poland’s Energy Transformation: Major Investments and Developments in 2024-2025
Poland is undergoing a significant energy transition, with massive investments in nuclear power, renewable energy, hydrogen technology, and energy infrastructure. As the country shifts away from coal and embraces cleaner energy sources, both public and private sectors are investing billions into modernizing the energy grid, expanding nuclear capacity, and supporting green energy initiatives. Below is an overview of the latest key developments shaping Poland’s energy future.
Poland’s First Nuclear Power Plant Moves Forward
The Polish government has allocated €13.26 billion towards the construction of its first nuclear power plant in Lubiatowo-Kopalino, Pomerania. The plant, managed by Polskie Elektrownie Jądrowe, is expected to reach a capacity of 3,750 MWe and will begin supplying emission-free electricity to the national grid between 2025 and 2030. The project aims to enhance Poland’s energy security and reduce reliance on fossil fuels, ensuring a more stable power system.
ArcelorMittal Poland Leads in Hydrogen Technology
Steel giant ArcelorMittal Poland is spearheading the transition to hydrogen-based steel production with a €12.3 million investment in hydrogen-powered furnaces at its Kraków plant. These 100% hydrogen-powered furnaces eliminate ammonia emissions and cut CO2 output by 50%, positioning the plant as a European leader in sustainable steel production. The company is also collaborating with Linde to develop a hydrogen production facility, reinforcing Poland’s role in the growing green hydrogen economy.
Enea Negotiates Gas-Fired Power Units with Çalık Enerji
With Poland shifting away from coal, state-owned Enea is working on replacing aging coal plants with gas-fired power units. The company is negotiating with Turkish firm Çalık Enerji to build a new plant in Kozienice, Mazowieckie Voivodeship. While the project has faced challenges, such as failed tenders, the Polish government sees gas as a crucial transitional energy source to stabilize the grid before more renewables and nuclear power come online.
Poland Ranks 5th in the EU for Biomass Energy Potential
Poland is emerging as a leader in biogas and biomass energy, ranking fifth in the EU for potential production. TotalEnergies, through its subsidiary Polish Biogas Group (PGB), is planning to invest €450 million into expanding biogas infrastructure. Currently, PGB operates 20 biogas plants and has 50 more projects under development. With major agricultural businesses and food producers looking to reduce their carbon footprint, Poland’s biogas sector is poised for rapid growth—though public perception and regulatory clarity remain hurdles for expansion.
Veolia ESCO Polska Introduces Energy-Saving Solutions
Energy efficiency is a major focus in Poland’s transformation. Veolia ESCO Polska has launched a new energy services model (ESCO), where investment costs are covered through energy savings. The company offers solutions such as solar panels, heat pumps, deep thermal modernization, and smart energy management systems. This initiative aligns with Veolia’s strategy to achieve net climate neutrality by 2050 and will help Polish businesses and institutions lower energy costs.
Poland’s Power Grid to Receive €24 Billion in Upgrades
Recognizing the need for a modernized energy infrastructure, the Polish Power Grid and the government have committed €24 billion by 2030 and another €19 billion by 2035 to upgrade transmission and distribution networks. According to Deputy Minister of Climate Miłosz Motyka, two-thirds of these funds will go towards distribution systems, while the rest will enhance transmission capabilities. Additionally, the “My Electricity” program, which supports solar panels, battery storage, and heat storage, has received a record 75,000 applications totaling €240 million, demonstrating strong public interest in renewable energy solutions.
PGE Eyes Two Locations for a Second Nuclear Plant
State-controlled energy company PGE is evaluating two post-coal locations—Konin and Bełchatów—for a potential second nuclear power plant. If PGE acquires a majority stake in PGE PAK Energia Jądrowa, it will take control of the Konin nuclear project, which already received a Principal Decision from the Minister of Climate and Environment in 2023. This move highlights Poland’s long-term nuclear energy strategy to replace coal-fired plants with zero-emission baseload power.
Grenevia Invests €99.2 Million in Solar Energy Expansion
To accelerate solar energy growth, the Supervisory Board of Grenevia approved a €99.2 million investment into Projekt-Solartechnik, its renewable energy subsidiary. This funding aims to expand Poland’s solar capacity as demand for clean energy storage and off-grid solutions continues to grow.
Meridiam Opens Poland’s Largest Waste-to-Energy Plant
On January 14, 2025, French investment firm Meridiam launched a €44.35 million waste-to-energy plant in Olsztyn, capable of processing 100,000 tonnes of waste per year. The facility, built under a public-private partnership, will reduce CO2 emissions while supplying heat and electricity to local communities. This project highlights Poland’s push toward sustainable waste management and circular economy solutions.
LG Energy Solution to Build One of Europe’s Largest Energy Storage Facilities
In a €360 million investment, LG Energy Solution Wrocław will construct a 900 MWh energy storage facility in Żarnowiec for PGE. The facility, adjacent to the Żarnowiec Pumped Storage Power Plant, will enhance grid stability and renewable energy integration. Expected to go live by 2029, the project is the first in Poland to receive energy storage certification, marking a milestone in battery storage technology development.
EBRD Increases Investments in Poland’s Energy Transition
The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) invested a record €1.4 billion in Poland in 2024, up from €1.3 billion in 2023. Nearly 50 projects benefited from the funding, with a strong focus on renewable energy, hydrogen, energy storage, and CO2 capture technologies. The EBRD sees private-sector involvement as critical to meeting Poland’s ambitious energy transition goals.
Conclusion: Poland’s Energy Market Is Poised for Transformation
Poland is making massive investments in nuclear power, renewables, and energy infrastructure, ensuring a stable and sustainable transition away from fossil fuels. With billions in EU and private-sector funding, the country is positioning itself as a regional leader in clean energy and innovation. As businesses look for new energy solutions, Poland offers significant opportunities for investment and partnerships in the energy sector.
